The paramount task of the Czech Prison Service is naturally the management of the prison system. In doing this, some of the main responsibilities are:
- guarding and managing prisons and keeping law and order within them; ensure lawful sentences
- guarding and managing forensic detention facilities
- providing prisoner escort/transfer
- providing treatment programmes and special therapy
- creating conditions for prisoner employment (either by the Service itself or by third parties)
- providing health-care services to prisoners
The Czech Prison Service, however, is also responsible for:
- providing security and keeping law and order within courts, courtrooms during trials, at the Ministry of Justice and state prosecutor buildings
- providing education to its employees
- investigating the criminal activities of prisoners
- carrying out penological research